1. Abstraction 
2. Encapsulation 
3. Inheritance 
4. Polymorphism
5. Overloading  

If we say any language is Object Oriented, it must obey these five principles. But C++ is not purely Object Oriented, but have Object Oriented features. Because we can write a C++ program without following Object Oriented features.


Abstraction in C++

                    In Object Oriented abstraction refers to hiding some details of the program to the out side world. That is we provide only certain part of the code is visible to outside instead of entire details of project code.

           For example if you are using a car, you are driving it and you don't know how it can internally run.

Encapsulation in C++

         Another Object Oriented feature is encapsulation. That is we are grouping data and functions that work on that data into a single group called "class". So that we have clear idea which function work on which data.
 
         In procedure oriented languages this can be complex task, to identify which function works on which data.

Inheritance in C++

                                 The process of deriving the base classes properties to the derived classes are called inheritance. The base class is called parent class and derived class is called child class.By using this Object Oriented feature one can achieve the code reversibility.  

                 For example, If your parent have blue eyes, then can also get the same features.


Polymorphism and Overloading

              These are also other  Object Oriented features that cane be achieved code re usability and we can study detail in up coming posts.